Dominican Republic
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Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic, a vibrant Caribbean nation, occupies the eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola, sharing it with Haiti. This island paradise is a land of striking contrasts, boasting pristine beaches, lush mountains, and a rich cultural tapestry woven from Taíno, African, and European influences. Its strategic location in the Greater Antilles has shaped its history and continues to drive its economy, making it a captivating destination for both travelers and investors alike. The countrys diverse geography plays a crucial role in its appeal, offering a wealth of natural beauty and a variety of climates within its relatively small landmass. From the arid expanses of the southwest to the fertile valleys of the interior and the palm-fringed coastlines, the Dominican Republic presents a compelling landscape that has captivated explorers and vacationers for centuries.
The population of the Dominican Republic is a dynamic blend of ethnicities, predominantly of mixed European and African descent, known locally as “Mestizo” or “Mulatto.” A significant portion of the population also identifies as Black or of African descent, reflecting the islands history as a major hub for the transatlantic slave trade. There are also smaller communities of European and Asian immigrants. This diverse heritage is vividly expressed in the countrys culture, music, dance, and cuisine. The official language is Spanish, and the Dominican people are renowned for their warmth, hospitality, and infectious zest for life. The society is largely Roman Catholic, though other Christian denominations and a growing number of other faiths are present. The demographic landscape is relatively young, with a significant proportion of the population under the age of 30, contributing to the nations energetic and forward-looking spirit. Urban centers like Santo Domingo, Santiago de los Caballeros, and Puerto Plata are bustling hubs of activity, while rural areas offer a more tranquil and traditional way of life.
The history of the Dominican Republic is a long and often tumultuous one, marked by periods of colonization, independence struggles, and foreign intervention. Christopher Columbus first landed on Hispaniola in 1492, establishing the first European settlement in the Americas, Santo Domingo. The Spanish colonial era brought profound changes, including the exploitation of indigenous Taíno populations and the introduction of African slaves to work on plantations. For centuries, the island was a prized possession of Spain, its strategic location making it a key point in the Spanish Empires vast network. In the late 17th century, France gained control of the western part of Hispaniola, which would eventually become Haiti. The Dominican Republics journey to independence was a protracted process. It declared independence from Spain in 1821, but was soon annexed by Haiti. A subsequent struggle led to Haitian withdrawal and the establishment of the Dominican Republic in 1844. The following decades were characterized by political instability, internal conflicts, and periods of foreign occupation, including a brief Spanish re-annexation and US interventions in the early 20th century. The nation endured a brutal dictatorship under Rafael Trujillo from 1930 to 1961, a period marked by severe human rights abuses and suppression of dissent. Following Trujillos assassination, the country navigated a complex transition to democracy, facing further political upheaval before establishing a stable democratic system. This rich and layered history has left an indelible mark on the nations identity, contributing to its resilience and its deep-seated pride.
Geographically, the Dominican Republic is a land of remarkable diversity. It is characterized by a central mountainous spine, the Cordillera Central, which includes the highest peak in the Caribbean, Pico Duarte, soaring to an elevation of over 3,000 meters. These mountains are responsible for the countrys varied microclimates, from cool, temperate regions in the highlands to the hot, humid lowlands. The northern coast is known for its stunning beaches and agricultural plains, while the southern coast offers dramatic cliffs and the arid landscapes of the Enriquillo Basin, home to the largest salt lake in the Caribbean and a unique ecosystem supporting American crocodiles and flamingos. The country is also crisscrossed by numerous rivers, the most important being the Yaque del Norte and the Yuna, which are vital for irrigation and transportation. The eastern tip of the island features the Samaná Peninsula, a region of dramatic peninsulas, secluded bays, and lush rainforests, a haven for humpback whales during their mating season. The countrys coastline stretches for over 1,200 kilometers, boasting an extraordinary array of beaches, from the powdery white sands of Punta Cana and Bávaro to the rugged, windswept shores of the Atlantic coast. This geographical mosaic provides a stunning backdrop for its thriving tourism industry and supports a rich biodiversity.
The Dominican Republics economy has undergone significant transformation over the years. Historically reliant on agriculture, particularly sugarcane, tobacco, and coffee, the country has diversified considerably. The tourism sector has emerged as a cornerstone of the economy, attracting millions of visitors annually with its world-class resorts, beautiful beaches, and diverse recreational activities. The service industry, encompassing hospitality, retail, and transportation, is a major employer. Remittances from Dominicans working abroad, particularly in the United States, also play a crucial role in the national economy, providing vital income for many families. The industrial sector is growing, with manufacturing, particularly in free trade zones, contributing to exports. Key industries include textiles, medical devices, and electronics assembly. The agricultural sector remains important, with exports of bananas, cocoa, and tropical fruits. The government has been actively pursuing policies to attract foreign investment, improve infrastructure, and promote sustainable development. Challenges remain, including income inequality, unemployment, and the need for further diversification and technological advancement, but the Dominican Republics economic trajectory is one of growth and increasing resilience.
The Dominican Republic is a treasure trove of tourist attractions, offering something for every type of traveler. The capital city, Santo Domingo, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and the oldest continuously inhabited European settlement in the Americas. Its Colonial City is a living museum, with cobblestone streets, historic cathedrals, fortresses, and palaces that transport visitors back in time. The Alcázar de Colón, the former residence of Diego Columbus, son of Christopher Columbus, is a must-see. Beyond the capital, the countrys natural beauty is paramount. Punta Cana and Bávaro are world-renowned for their all-inclusive resorts, pristine beaches, and turquoise waters, offering a quintessential Caribbean vacation experience. For those seeking adventure and ecotourism, the Samaná Peninsula is a paradise. Las Terrenas and Las Galeras provide access to stunning beaches, waterfalls like El Limón, and the opportunity to witness humpback whales in the Bay of Samaná. The interior mountains offer opportunities for hiking, exploring coffee plantations, and discovering charming mountain towns like Jarabacoa. The north coast, with cities like Puerto Plata, offers a mix of historical sites, such as the Fortaleza San Felipe, and beautiful beaches. Water sports enthusiasts can indulge in diving, snorkeling, surfing, and sailing. The rich culture is also a major draw, with opportunities to experience lively merengue and bachata music, vibrant festivals, and delicious Dominican cuisine. From the historical grandeur of Santo Domingo to the breathtaking natural wonders of its coastlines and mountains, the Dominican Republic promises an unforgettable journey.
Information about Dominican Republic
The information comes from the publication CIA The World Factbook.
Automated text translation, excuse errors, please!
Country Dominican Republic is situated in a location / continent Central America. Dominican Republic has an area of 48 670 km2 and 10 088 598 residents. The highest point has a height 3 175 above sea level. and it is called Pico Duarte. The lowest point is located at the level of -46 above sea level and it is named Lago Enriquillo. System of government is republic and the date of independence 27th February 1844. The capital city is Santo Domingo. Dominican Republic has the international abbreviation DR.
Dominican Republic - economy
Total gross domestic product (GDP) is 94 580 000 000 $. Total gross domestic product per capita in purchasing power parity is 9 400 $. GDP grows by 4.50 % a year. Inflation (consumer price index) is equal to 8.50 % a year. Dominican Republic have 4 732 000 working-age population (from a total population 10 088 598 people). Unemployment is at 13.10 %. Dominican Republic issued 6.10 % GDP to healt care .The public debt of the country is 36.00 % GDP. The total amount of foreign debt is 14 420 000 000 USD.
Dominican Republic - demography
As suggested above, Dominican Republic has 10 088 598 people. Population growth is in the amount 1.31 % per year. Number of children born per 1000 population per year is 19.44.Every mother has average 2.41 children. The infant mortality rate is 21.30 and maternal mortality 150.00 deaths per 100,000 births. Average estimated life expectancy makes 77.44 years. Mortality is 4.41 people per 1000 population per year.
Dominican Republic - transport and telecommunications
Dominican Republic has 19 705 km of roads, 142 km of railway lines and 36 airports.
Number of active mobile phones (sim card) in the country Dominican Republic is 8 771 000. Number of active fixed telephone lines is 1 044 000. Dominican Republic has 2 701 000 internet users, who have the available 404 057 Internet connections. Dominican Republic has been assigned a domain first Choose range .do.
Dominican Republic - energetics
Dominican Republic consumes a year 9 881 000 000 kWh of electricity. Annual electricity production is 12 300 000 000 kWh in power plants with a total installed electrical capacity 2 973 000 kW. Dominican Republic exports 0 kWh and imports 0 kWh of electricity per year Energy mix of power generation is as follows: fossil fuels: 83 %, nuclear energy: 0 %, renewable: 0.3 %, hydropower: 16.6 %.
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